PYTHON DICTIONARY

Comments

Data types

Variables

If Else

If Elif Else

Functions

For loop

While loop

Data structures

String slicing/indexing

User defined function

Local/Global variable

Validation and Try

Methods

File I/O

Pseudocode

Modules​

What are modules?

A module is a file containing Python definitions and statements. Modules can define functions, classes, and variables that you can reference in other Python .py files or via the Python command line interpreter.

In Python, modules are accessed by using the import statement. When you do this, you execute the code of the module, keeping the scopes of the definitions so that your current file(s) can make use of these.

Random module - random integer

Look at the following code, then run it to see the out out. Now run it again

​Random module - random float

Look at the following code, then run it to see the out out. Now run it again

​Random module - random value from a list or 1D array

Look at the following code, then run it to see the out out. Now run it again

Python challenge - Random module

​Enter the following code in a Python code editor. Before running the code, what do you think it will do? Press "F5" then "Enter" to runn
In this example the module called "random" is imported. random.randint generates a random integar. Change the 6 to a higher number and test the code.

Turtle graphics module

Who doesn't like drawing or using code to draw?
Fnction
Description
Example(s)
turtle.forward(steps)
Moves forward for a number of steps
turtle.forward(100)
turtle.back(steps)
Moves backfor a number of steps
turtle.back(steps)
turtle.left(degrees)
Turns anticlockwise the number of degrees
turtle.left(degrees)
turtle.right(degrees)
Turns clockwise the number of degrees
turtle.right(degrees)
turtle.home()
Moves to canvas origin (0,0)
turtle.home()
turtle.setpos(x,y)
Positions the turtle at coordinates (x,y)
turtle.setpos(5,50)
turtle.reset()
Clears the drawing canvas, sends the turtle home and resets variables to default values
turtle.reset()
turtle.hideturtle()
Makes the turtle invisible
turtle.hideturtle()
turtle.showturtle()
Makes the turtle visible
turtle.showturtle()
turtle.penup()
Lifts the pen up
turtle.penup()
turtle.pendown()
Puts the pen down
turtle.pendown()
turtle.pensize(width)
Makes the pen the size of "width"
turtle.pensize(10)
turtle.pencolor(color)
Sets the colour of the pen
turtle.pencolor("red")
turtle.pencolor(0,55,255)

Turtle challenges

Draw the following shapes:
  1. Triangle
  2. Square
  3. Rectangle
  4. Pentagon
  5. Hexagon
  6. ​Circle
  7. 5 pointed star
  8. 3 different shapes that are all different colours