Edexcel GCSE Computing June  2016  exam paper can be downloaded here



Edexcel GCSE Computing June  2016 mark scheme can be downloaded here
1Ai Answer
Any one of:
  • To allow connected machines to communicate
  • To provide the rules of communication between two networked devices

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1aii answer
Any one of:
  • Backbone
  • Connecting backbone
  • Internet backbone
  • Fibre backbone
  • Network backbone​

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1aiii answer
Ring

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1aiv answer


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1bi answer
Any one of:

•    To keep information private/secure/secret as it is being transmitted across networks
•    So that unauthorised persons will not be able to translate/understand the transmitted data
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1bii answer


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1ci answer
1 0 0 1            0 1 0 1​

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1cii answer
6 E

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1ciii answer
1 1 0 0            0 1 0 0​

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1civ answer
 Any one of:
 
  • 2n and n=8
  • 28
  • 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2
  • 2 ^4 x 2^4
  • 2^2 x 2^2 x 2^2 x 2^2
Any other appropriate formula giving a result of 256

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1di answer
Any one of the following:
 
  • Data is permanently lost (during the compression process)
  • Resolution is lost in images, (usually where it will not be noticed by the human eye)
  • Signal is degraded in audio files, (usually not noticeable to the human ear)

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1dii answer
B = JPEG

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1e answer
One mark for each of:
  • X-Dimension = 2
  • Y-Dimension = 3
 
Examples:
  • (2,3)
  • X=2, Y=3

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2a answer


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2bi answer


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2bii answer
Comment(s) / Annotation(s)​

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2biii answer
cubeNum​


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2biv answer
Any one of:
  • 18 to 22
  • 18 - 22
  • 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
  • 18, 20, 22

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2bv answer
Any one of:
  • 25
  • 27



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2bvi answer
Any one of:
  • 10
  • 19
  • 21
  • 23

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2ci answer


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2cii answer
4

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2ciii answer
One mark for:
  • Numerator (top) calculation
  • Denominator (bottom) calculation

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3a answer
One mark for each concept:

Organisation of files is in a hierarchy/tree structure
A node is either a folder/directory/sub-folder/sub-directory or the file itself The top node/folder/directory/drive is the root
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3bi answer
One mark for each concept:

The client makes a connection / shares its IP with the server
The client machine (web browser) sends a request to the server for a web page
The server machine sends the (requested) page back to the client machine
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3bii answer
One mark for <ul> </ul>
One mark for both items in <li> </li> One mark for <li> </li> inside <ul> </ul>

Example (3 marks)
<ul>
<li>Socket</li>
<li>Open Ended</li>
</ul>

Example (2 marks)
<ul>
<li>Socket</li>
</ul>

Example (1 mark)
<li>Socket</li>
<li>Open Ended</li>
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3ci answer
Any two of:
  • Library code has already been debugged, so it should not have a bug
  • Library code has already been tested, so it should produce the correct results
  • Using libraries can reduce the time needed to develop a solution
  • Library code is usually optimised/faster than own code
  • Library code can be reused many times without having to rewrite the code


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3cii answer
One mark for each of (in this order only):

1.    AND
2.    OR
3.    NOT
4.    AND
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3d answer


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4a answer
Any two of:
 
  • Both the instructions and data for a program are stored in main memory
  • Instructions and data are stored in binary code
  • Instructions and data are fetched, decoded, and executed in a sequence by the CPU

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4bi answer
One mark for:
  • Software (layer)
 
One mark for any of:
  • Allows the operating system on one physical computer to simulate another computer, usually of a different operating system.
  • Allows a guest operating system to reside on a machine
  • Allows a program written for one machine to run on another without changes (Java Virtual Machine).
Any other appropriate and correct response.​

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4bi answer
At least one from both sections for full marks Any four of:
Sequential:
  • Individual instructions are executed one after another
  • Flow control is accomplished by jump/branch/goto instructions
  • Results are usually achieved less quickly than parallel processing (do not award twice)
 
Parallel:
  • Individual instructions can be routed to different processors for simultaneous execution
  • Results are usually achieved quicker than sequential instruction (do not award twice)
  • Requires multi-core processors or multiple microprocessors
  • Tasks may be split into different parts with each part executed on a different processor
  • Results need to be merged back together after completion
 
Any other appropriate and correct response.​

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4ci answer
Coding solution (one mark for each item):
  • Calling code must provide an input parameter
  • calcCircleArea signature must take an input parameter
  • Input parameter must be used in calculation

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4cii answer


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4ciii answer


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5a answer
Characteristics – Any of the following:
  • Branch of computer science based on enabling computers to behave like humans/mimic aspects of human intelligence
  • AI is implemented in software.
  • Combines psychology, biology, linguistics, mathematics, neuroscience, and philosophy (ethics)
  • AI is not the same as the general intelligence of human beings
 
Uses – Any of the following:
  • Game playing (chess, quiz, video games)
  • Analytics (analyse buying patterns, predicting behaviours, predictive text, financial markets)
  • Image processing (recognising objects/patterns)
  • Logistics (scheduling, order fulfilment)
  • Control systems (cars, manufacturing, weapons, navigation)
  • Expert systems (medical, mechanical, electrical diagnosis)
  • Neural networks (simulating neuron behaviours as in brains)
  • Natural languages processing (chatterbots, chatbots, speech recognition)
  • Robotics (dangerous situations, help aged or disabled)
 
Ethical issues – Any of the following:
  • Take the work of humans, thereby affecting employment rates
Is a computer to be trusted to make decisions (life-death)?

  • If a computer discovers something that humans can’t prove, should it be accepted as truth?
  • Do AI machines have rights?
  • Will people be comfortable interacting with machines that are considered intelligent?
 
Quality of Written Communication:
 
  • 1-2: Some basic points from at least one of the categories; little clarification or expansion of points; spelling, grammar, and punctuation errors hinder meaning.
  • 3-4: At least one relevant point from two categories; some clarification or expansion of points; spelling, grammar, and punctuation errors occur, but do not hinder meaning.
  • 5-6: Relevant points from three categories; comprehensive clarification or expansion of points; spelling, grammar, and punctuation are used accurately and meaning is clear.
Example:
Robots are machines that use artificial intelligence to do jobs that people tell them to. They are not as smart as real humans. One category only; no expansion; QWC ok; 2 marks max)
 
Example:
Artificial intelligence is based on getting machines to behave like humans. The cleverness of AI is really in the software. AI is used in game playing. Recently the AI software has beat humans at some games. (Two categories; Some expansion; QWC ok; 4 marks max)

Example:
AI is a branch of computer science that tries to make software imitate human intelligence. However, we’re not there yet. It is used in expert systems to diagnose problems with car engines. It can also be used to predict which products people might buy in a grocery store based on their loyalty card purchases. There are problems with AI. One is the issue of ethics. Courts may decide that AI robots have the same rights as humans. People may not like the idea of computers making life and death decisions, such as when to turn off life support systems. This may make people very uncomfortable. (Three categories; Comprehensive expansion; QWC ok; 6 marks max)
 
Example: AI:
  • Making robots behave like humans Uses:
  • Used to help people with disabilities live in normal homes Ethical Issues:
They will be taking over human jobs and putting people out of work (Three categories; QWC unmarkable; 2 marks max)
5ai answer


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5aii answer
Calculates the number defined as one of (or equivalent statement)
•    16
•    2 to the power of 4
•    2 x 2 x 2 x 2
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5aiii answer


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5aiv answer
One mark for each of:
• Initialisation (R3, R4, R5)
• Correct loop construction showing blocking
• Correct two lines inside of loop blocking​

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